Doug B

Topic: I need help - why Chromate color variation?

I'm not a "plating guy".  I'm a mechanical engineer.  I'm having some steel frames CAD plated with a Chromate conversion coating overtop. 

I'm desperate for an answer, and found this website, searching for help online.

The first sample I got back from the vendor was a nice gold color, all over, like a gold bar from Fort Knox.

Since then, the housings I get back have variation in color across the housing.  There are several holes in the housing, and around the holes I get the nice gold color... but in the field between the holes the color gradually shifts to a gold-pink color.

If I wet my finger and rub the gold-pink color, it turns to a nice matte gold until the water dries, then it goes back to gold-pink.

I don't feel comfortable shipping these housings to the customer until I know that the chromate is good.

I'm asking my plating vendor to fix the problem, but he's struggling with an answer, and I need to assemble these parts and ship them to my customer.

We are magnetic-particle inspecting the housings prior to plating.  The vendor is bead blasting the housings, baking them at about 120F, then re-bead blasting and cleaning prior to plating. 

Help!  What can I tell my vendor to try in order to get consistant color in the chromate, and ensure the chromate is good?

I need help ASAP. Please email me below if you have an ideas....

Doug Brindle

douglas.a.brindle@saic.com

gregdant

Re: I need help - why Chromate color variation?

Mr. Brindle

The variation in color chromate on cadmium plating can be due to immersion time in the chromate solution and temperature/concentration/pH of the solution.  Some variation can also come from quality of rinsing.  You will probably see some variation from lot to lot, and, depending on the size of the part, possibly across a single part

The iridescence is a natural consequence of the chromate conversion coating film, though I have seen it minimized when the parts have a drying oil applied after finishing.

The Mil Spec for Cadmium (QQ-P-416) states: the chromate film should be "continuous smooth . . . distinctly colored iridescent bronze to brown including . . . yellow . . ."

Hope this helps

Greg Dant, Minneapolis

afnh4

Re: I need help - why Chromate color variation?

Mr Brindle.

Further to Mr Greg Dant's mail I wish to add....

 Temperature , immersion time , solution strength and pH variations are the factors that govern color consistency in a passivate.

These factors  need tight narrow bands or control windows to maintain that certain preferred shade. This can imply close shop floor control , twice or four times  per 8 hour shift depending on shop floor realities  such as Chemistry used, bath size, work thru put and drag in/drag out aspects.

It will depend what your plater sets up or already has set up. Color is a controllable factor and slight variations are certainly the order of the day .

Color by itself is usualy not a very important critical factor. as corrosion protection in SST hours is.

The functional attribute rating of a Chromate film at the top of the evaluation list is Corrosion Resistance measured in Hours of resistance to a salt fog per ASTM B 117.

Cosmetics come second and appearance comes third.

Your plater can tighten his controls but your client needs to accept a 10 to 15 % color variation on a non specific attribute heading.

asif Nurie

new delhi

India

skelton

Re: I need help - why Chromate color variation?

Mr. "Not a Plating Guy"

I am most certain you cannot discuss ALL of the details of this project..... some of which tethers on whether this is architectural or structural cosmetics or aesthetics???? As they say, "you cannot judge a book by it's cover". And I am not even sure if we are discussing a biography or a novel. I do know a thing or two on this topic, and could probably make a very good guess, but I won't. I would rather find out how our Thread-Father (kinda like the God Father), Mr. "I'm NOT a Plater Guy" is doing or what he did?????

Everyone has offered good insight on this subject matter, not as much as I would have anticipated, so I hope to spar some participation from the FT ranks with this posting and maybe get the Thread-Father to send us an update....I know he was in a hurry, maybe he just forgot about us momentarily??

Now, as for this topic,  I cannot argue with any of the above, all chromate immersion processes are a factor/derivative of: time, temperature, pH and concentration. Any and all of which will determine the outcome of the finish and its appearance. Other factors, such as: cadmium, zinc, iron, lead or copper contaminants may benefit or become a detriment to the variations in color/appearance.

In some job shops, it may be a common practice to only run certain parts or work when a chromate is brand new or sometimes only if old or broken in. Most metal finishing customers deal with adhesion or blistering issues, maybe chromate adhesion or "sluffing" issues, too high or too low a thickness (another variable of chromate conversion coatings, both thickness of the deposit and the chromate), but rarely will the irridescent rainbow be a consideration. Again, is this aesthetic or for corrosion resistance?

Either way, you can see that there is means to an end here, you must allow for some variations in appearance of the chromate film, you may tighten parameters to a degree, but must understand, you are requiring corrosion protection and not a decorative finish here. If appearance is a factor, consider paint or powder as topcoat over the chromate. Another thing you can ask of your vendor is to plate to three different thickness spec's or classes, and to process a variation of different immersion times (at peak concentrations) to achieve the best appearance you could possibly ask for, then add this requirement to the purchase order ; )

This post could also be labeled, "Gold vs. Irridite". Which brings me to a conclusion and a preface to another topic. The definition of Iridescent is having or showing shifting changes in color or an interplay of rainbowlike colors, as when seen from different angles.

I look forward to many other responses or angles on this topic, it actually sparked me to read an 'oldy but a goody', cadmium vs. zinc vs. nickel. It's a good read from the Godfather of Metal Finishing, Ted Mooney's site www.finishing.com. It discusses the different pros and cons of the three coatings.

So tell me, what shade of iridite do you like?

Cheers

Last edited by skelton (03/25/2009 - 11:30 PM)


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